The Palazzo della Civilta Italiana, also known as the Palazzo della Civilta del Lavoro or simply the Colosseo Quadrato (Square Colosseum), is an icon of Fascist architecture. It lies in the district of Rome known as the Esposizione Universale Roma. It is particularly symbolic of this district, exemplifying its monumentality. The Palazzo della Civilta Italiana was constructed as part of the program of the Esposizione Universale Roma, a large business center and suburban complex, initiated in 1935 by Benito Mussolini for the planned 1942 world exhibition and as a symbol of fascism for the world. The Palazzo was designed by the architects Giovanni Guerrini, Ernesto Bruno La Padula and Mario Romano and constructed between 1938 and 1943. It was inaugurated on 30 November 1940 as the centerpiece of the Esposizione and continues to be its most iconic building. The structure is also considered one of the most representative examples of Fascist architecture.

Between 2003 and 2008, the palace has been closed to the public for restoration. From 2015, it will house the headquarters of luxury fashion label Fendi for the next 15 years at least. Fendi will reportedly pay 2.8 million euros per annum to inhabit the space.The ground floor of the building will reportedly be left clear to house exhibitions celebrating Italian craftsmanship.