Pierre Jeanneret and Jean Prouve's F 8×8 BCC House fits in the series of projects initiated in 1939 and centered on the construction principle of using the axial portal frame that Prouve created in 1938. A few examples of this small building, made entirely of wood, were completed between 1941 and 1943 during extreme wartime conditions. They emphasize the two men's extraordinary ability to adapt to their circumstances. The buildings are also concrete evidence of the amicable collaboration that linked two inspired characters - architect and constructor - the former revealing passion for construction and mechanics and the latter designing aesthetically pleasing technical objects.
In 1939, Le Corbusier's Parisian atelier, then directed by Pierre Jeanneret, processed projects of temporary buildings for war refugees that referred to the lightweight nature of Prouve's work. The vast program of emergency buildings that intended to house employees and executives from the new SCAL factory in Issoire was the ideal occasion to apply this early research with the Bureau Central de Construction (BCC) under the direction of Georges Blanchon in Grenoble.
A few buildings quickly rose in January 1940, demonstrating the efficiency of Prouve's system and Jeanneret's adaptation of it: a variety of steel structures were implemented and though the panels of the facade and dividing walls were made of wood, the interior furnishings were left to Charlotte Perriand. The lack of material, particularly steel, became more and more prominent with the gradual blockage of transportation. Pierre Jeanneret and Jean Prouve challenged their imaginations in search of a solution to limit the use of this material. Finally, a version made almost entirely of wood allowed for the creation of quality homes that were temporary and comfortable.
Structure
The use of the axial portal frame offered Pierre Jeanneret great freedom to organize the 68m2 interior space that was intended for a family of five people. Using a diverse range of propositions for small, economic homes that he had studied with Le Corbusier in the 1920s, Pierre Jeanneret designed a fluid, familial way of life around a fireplace generated by the visible central portal frame. Sliding doors separated the interior that stretched to a covered terrace outside. For Pierre Jeanneret, as for Jean Prouve, the obligation to adapt to extreme conditions was the opportunity to experiment with different resources and optimize the potential of a particular material, whatever material that may have been. The aesthetically satisfying final product illustrates how the two creators responded perfectly to their circumstances in their incessant quests for authenticity and modernity.
